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The examiner instructs the patient to resist as hard as possible and then gradually applies a force to depress the limb.

The test is begun by first stabilizing the patient with the limb held in the desired position. NO TEST SHOULD BE PERFORMED IF THE SUBJECT IS FEELING ANY PAIN. It is designed to be easily held in the palm of the hand and reports the force in kilograms.

The Nicholas MMT is a hand held device which quantifies the “breaking force” necessary to depress a limb held in a specific position by the patient. The device pictured here is called the Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester and is manufactured by Lafayette Instruments. The techniques that we describe for manual muscle testing are basically those described by Kendall and Kendall. If you would like to read published abstracts regarding development and reliability of the MMT or Manual Muscle Tester, click here. It has long been a goal of NISMAT to develop a manual device for rapid measurement of strength, especially for the muscle groups which link the limbs to the torso. Sophisticated strength measuring devices which measure forces generated isometrically, concentrically, or eccentrically exist but are both expensive and require a great deal of space.Īdditionally, measurements are time consuming. Generally speaking, significant differences in strength between limbs are a sign of current or prior injury. An important component of an orthopedic exam is assessment of muscle strength.